WhyCan Forum(哇酷开发者社区)

inotifywait --recursive -m /tmp -e create -e moved_to |
    while read dir action file; do
        echo "The file '$file' appeared in directory '$dir' via '$action'"
        # do something with the file
    done

$ inotifywait --recursive -m /tmp -e create -e moved_to |
>     while read dir action file; do
>         echo "The file '$file' appeared in directory '$dir' via '$action'"
>         # do something with the file
>     done
Setting up watches.  Beware: since -r was given, this may take a while!
Watches established.
The file 'aaaanb' appeared in directory '/tmp/ccc/ddd/ee/ff/g/' via 'CREATE'
The file 'sh-thd.mdd8J1' appeared in directory '/tmp/' via 'CREATE'
The file 'sh-thd.WX0x9Z' appeared in directory '/tmp/' via 'CREATE'
The file '555' appeared in directory '/tmp/ccc/ddd/ee/ff/' via 'CREATE'

import sys, os

os.environ["QT_BINDING"] = "PyQt5"
# os.environ["QT_BINDING"] = "PySide2"

if os.environ["QT_BINDING"] == "PyQt5": ###'PyQt5.Widgets' in sys.modules:
    print("import PyQt5")
    from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QLabel, QPushButton, QMainWindow, QVBoxLayout, QDialog
    from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSignal as Signal, pyqtSlot as Slot, QTimer
    from PyQt5 import uic
elif os.environ["QT_BINDING"] == "PySide2":
    print("import PySide2")
    from PySide2.QtWidgets import QApplication, QLabel, QPushButton, QMainWindow, QVBoxLayout, QDialog
    from PySide2.QtCore import Signal, Slot, QTimer
    from PySide2.QtUiTools import QUiLoader


@Slot(int)
def SlotTimeOut(i):
    print("定时器" + str(i) + "超时 timout: ")

@Slot(bool)
def SlotDelButtonClicked(checked):
    print("按钮被选中? " + str(checked))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)

    if os.environ["QT_BINDING"] == "PyQt5":
        window = uic.loadUi("mainwindow.ui")
    elif os.environ["QT_BINDING"] == "PySide2":
        uiloader = QUiLoader()
        window = uiloader.load("mainwindow.ui")

    a = 0
    timer1 = QTimer()
    timer1.timeout.connect(lambda: SlotTimeOut(1))
    timer1.start(1000)

    timer2 = QTimer()
    timer2.timeout.connect(lambda: SlotTimeOut(2))
    timer2.start(3005)

    window.startStopButton.clicked.connect(lambda: SlotTimeOut(3))

    window.DelPointButton.setCheckable(True)
#    window.DelPointButton.setChecked(True)
    window.DelPointButton.clicked.connect(SlotDelButtonClicked)
    window.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

import sys, os

#os.environ["QT_BINDING"] = "PyQt5"
os.environ["QT_BINDING"] = "PySide2"

if os.environ["QT_BINDING"] == "PyQt5": ###'PyQt5.Widgets' in sys.modules:
    print("import PyQt5")
    from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QLabel, QPushButton, QMainWindow, QVBoxLayout, QDialog
    from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSignal as Signal, pyqtSlot as Slot, QTimer
    from PyQt5 import uic
elif os.environ["QT_BINDING"] == "PySide2":
    print("import PySide2")
    from PySide2.QtWidgets import QApplication, QLabel, QPushButton, QMainWindow, QVBoxLayout, QDialog
    from PySide2.QtCore import Signal, Slot, QTimer
    from PySide2.QtUiTools import QUiLoader


@Slot()
def SlotTimeOut():
    print("超时 timout")


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)

    if os.environ["QT_BINDING"] == "PyQt5":
        window = uic.loadUi("mainwindow.ui")
    elif os.environ["QT_BINDING"] == "PySide2":
        uiloader = QUiLoader()
        window = uiloader.load("mainwindow.ui")

    a = 0
    timer1 = QTimer()
    timer1.timeout.connect(SlotTimeOut)
    timer1.start(1000)
    window.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

import sys

if 'PySide' in sys.modules:
    # PySide2
    print("import PySide2")
    from PySide2.QtWidgets import QApplication, QLabel, QPushButton, QMainWindow, QVBoxLayout, QDialog
    from PySide2.QtCore import Signal, Slot
else:
    # PyQt5
    print("import PyQt5")
    from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QLabel, QPushButton, QMainWindow, QVBoxLayout, QDialog
    from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSignal as Signal, pyqtSlot as Slot

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    mainwindow1 = QDialog()
    label = QLabel("显示测试")
    button = QPushButton("请点击我噢")
    boxlayout1 = QVBoxLayout()
    boxlayout1.addWidget(label)
    boxlayout1.addWidget(button)
    mainwindow1.setLayout(boxlayout1)
    mainwindow1.show()
    mainwindow1.setWindowTitle("测试标题")
    mainwindow1.resize(80, 150)

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

from PySide2.QtCore import QPointF, Qt
from PySide2.QtGui import QPolygonF

poly = QPolygonF([QPointF(0.0, 0.0), QPointF(0.0, -100.0), QPointF(100.0, -100.0), QPointF(100.0, 0.0)])
print(poly.containsPoint(QPointF(50, -50.0), Qt.FillRule.WindingFill))
print(poly.containsPoint(QPointF(99, -99.0), Qt.FillRule.WindingFill))
print(poly.containsPoint(QPointF(99, -101.0), Qt.FillRule.WindingFill))

True
True
False

import os
os.environ["QT_PREFERRED_BINDING"] = "PySide2"

from Qt import QtCore, QtWidgets
import Qt

if Qt.IsPySide2:
    os.environ['QT_QPA_PLATFORM_PLUGIN_PATH'] = os.path.dirname(Qt.__file__) + "\\" \
                                                + os.environ["QT_PREFERRED_BINDING"] + "\\plugins\\"
elif Qt.IsPyQt5:
    os.environ['QT_QPA_PLATFORM_PLUGIN_PATH'] = os.path.dirname(Qt.__file__) + "\\" \
                                                + os.environ["QT_PREFERRED_BINDING"] + "\\Qt\\plugins\\"
import nodz_main

$ set QT_PREFERRED_BINDING=PyQt5  # Windows
$ export QT_PREFERRED_BINDING=PyQt5  # Unix/OSX

import os
os.environ["QT_PREFERRED_BINDING"] = "PySide";
from Qt import QtCore, QtWidgets

# This Python file uses the following encoding: utf-8
import sys,os
import PySide2
from PySide2.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow


class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        QMainWindow.__init__(self)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication([])
    window = MainWindow()
    window.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

qt.qpa.plugin: Could not find the Qt platform plugin "windows" in ""
This application failed to start because no Qt platform plugin could be initialized. Reinstalling the application may fix this problem.

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
ZetCode PyQt5 tutorial 

In this example, we receive data from
a QInputDialog dialog. 

Aauthor: Jan Bodnar
Website: zetcode.com 
Last edited: August 2017
"""

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QPushButton, QLineEdit, 
    QInputDialog, QApplication)
import sys

class Example(QWidget):
    
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        
        self.initUI()
        
        
    def initUI(self):      

        self.btn = QPushButton('Dialog', self)
        self.btn.move(20, 20)
        self.btn.clicked.connect(self.showDialog)
        
        self.le = QLineEdit(self)
        self.le.move(130, 22)
        
        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 290, 150)
        self.setWindowTitle('Input dialog')
        self.show()
        
        
    def showDialog(self):
        
        text, ok = QInputDialog.getText(self, 'Input Dialog', 
            'Enter your name:')
        
        if ok:
            self.le.setText(str(text))
        
        
if __name__ == '__main__':
    
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui


class Example(QtGui.QWidget):
    
    def __init__(self):
        super(Example, self).__init__()
        
        self.initUI()
        
    def initUI(self):
        
        QtGui.QToolTip.setFont(QtGui.QFont('SansSerif', 10))
        
        self.setToolTip('This is a <b>QWidget</b> widget')
        
        btn = QtGui.QPushButton('Button', self)
        btn.setToolTip('This is a <b>QPushButton</b> widget')
        btn.resize(btn.sizeHint())
        btn.move(50, 50)       
        
        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 250, 150)
        self.setWindowTitle('Tooltips')    
        self.show()
        
def main():
    
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui


def main():
    
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
	
    w = QtGui.QWidget()
    w.resize(250, 150)
    w.move(300, 300)
    w.setWindowTitle('Simple')

    label = QtGui.QLabel("Hello World")
    w.addWidget(label)
    w.show()
    
    sys.exit(app.exec_())


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

E:\Python37>E:\Python37\python.exe -m pip install D:\Downloads\PyQt4-4.11.4-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl
Processing d:\downloads\pyqt4-4.11.4-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl
Installing collected packages: PyQt4
Successfully installed PyQt4-4.11.4

#########################################
# File name: Classes.py                 #
# Author: David Gurevich                #
# Course: ICS3U                         #
# Instructor: D. Mavrodin               #
# --------------------------------------#
# Last Modified: 11/12/2017 @ 20:52     #
#########################################
import pygame

BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
ORANGE = (255, 127, 0)
CYAN = (0, 183, 235)
MAGENTA = (255, 0, 255)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
TRANS_WHITE = (255, 255, 255, 50)
COLOURS = [BLACK, RED, GREEN, BLUE, ORANGE, CYAN, MAGENTA, YELLOW, WHITE]
CLR_names = ['black', 'red', 'green', 'blue', 'orange', 'cyan', 'magenta', 'yellow', 'white']
figures = [None, 'Z', 'S', 'J', 'L', 'I', 'T', 'O', None]


class Block(object):
    """ A square - basic building block
        data:               behaviour:
            col - column        move left/right/up/down
            row - row           drawself.blocks
            clr - colour
    """

    def __init__(self, col=1, row=1, clr=1):
        self.col = col
        self.row = row
        self.clr = clr

    def __str__(self):
        return '(' + str(self.col) + ',' + str(self.row) + ') ' + CLR_names[self.clr]

    def __eq__(self, other):
        if self.col == other.col and self.row == other.row:
            return True

    def draw(self, surface, gridsize=20, shadow=False):
        x = self.col * gridsize
        y = self.row * gridsize
        CLR = COLOURS[self.clr]
        if not shadow:
            pygame.draw.rect(surface, CLR, (x, y, gridsize - 2, gridsize - 2), 0)
            pygame.draw.rect(surface, WHITE, (x, y, gridsize, gridsize), 2)

        else:
            pygame.draw.rect(surface, TRANS_WHITE, (x, y, gridsize, gridsize), 3)

    def move_down(self):
        self.row = self.row + 1

    # --------------------------------------- #


class Cluster(object):
    """ Collection of blocks
        data:
            col - column where the anchor block is located
            row - row where the anchor block is located
            blocksNo - number of blocks
    """

    def __init__(self, col=1, row=1, blocksNo=1):
        self.col = col
        self.row = row
        self.clr = 0
        self.blocks = [Block()] * blocksNo
        self._colOffsets = [0] * blocksNo
        self._rowOffsets = [0] * blocksNo

    def _update(self):
        for i in range(len(self.blocks)):
            blockCOL = self.col + self._colOffsets[i]
            blockROW = self.row + self._rowOffsets[i]
            blockCLR = self.clr
            self.blocks[i] = Block(blockCOL, blockROW, blockCLR)

    def draw(self, surface, gridsize, shadow=False):
        for block in self.blocks:
            block.draw(surface, gridsize, shadow)

    def collides(self, other):
        """ Compare each block from a cluster to all blocks from another cluster.
            Return True only if there is a location conflict.
        """
        for block in self.blocks:
            for obstacle in other.blocks:
                if block == obstacle:
                    return True
        return False

    def append(self, other):
        """ Append all blocks from another cluster to this one.
        """
        for block in other.blocks:
            self.blocks.append(block)


# -------------------------------------- #


class Obstacles(Cluster):
    """ Collection of tetrominoe blocks on the playing field, left from previous shapes.
        
    """

    def __init__(self, col=0, row=0, blocksNo=0):
        Cluster.__init__(self, col, row, blocksNo)

    def show(self):
        print("\nObstacle: ")
        for block in self.blocks:
            print((block)._colOffsets)

    def findFullRows(self, top, bottom, columns):
        fullRows = []
        rows = []
        for block in self.blocks:
            rows.append(block.row)

        for row in range(top, bottom):
            if rows.count(row) == columns:
                fullRows.append(row)
        return fullRows

    def removeFullRows(self, fullRows):
        for row in fullRows:
            for i in reversed(range(len(self.blocks))):
                if self.blocks[i].row == row:
                    self.blocks.pop(i)
                elif self.blocks[i].row < row:
                    self.blocks[i].move_down()


# ---------------------------------------#
class Shape(Cluster):
    """ A tetrominoe in one of the shapes: Z,S,J,L,I,T,O; consists of 4 x Block() objects
        data:               behaviour:
            col - column        move left/right/up/down
            row - row           draw
            clr - colour        rotate
                * figure/shape is defined by the colour
            rot - rotation             
    """

    def __init__(self, col=1, row=1, clr=1, rot=1, shadow=False):
        Cluster.__init__(self, col, row, 4)
        self.clr = clr
        self.shadow = shadow
        self._rot = rot
        self._colOffsets = [-1, 0, 0, 1]
        self._rowOffsets = [-1, -1, 0, 0]
        self._rotate()

    def __str__(self):
        return figures[self.clr] + ' (' + str(self.col) + ',' + str(self.row) + ') ' + CLR_names[self.clr]

    def _rotate(self):
        """ offsets are assigned starting from the farthest (most distant) block in reference to the anchor block """
        if self.clr == 1:
            _colOffsets = [[-1, -1, 0, 0], [-1, 0, 0, 1], [1, 1, 0, 0], [1, 0, 0, -1]]
            _rowOffsets = [[1, 0, 0, -1], [-1, -1, 0, 0], [-1, 0, 0, 1], [1, 1, 0, 0]]
        elif self.clr == 2:
            _colOffsets = [[-1, -1, 0, 0], [1, 0, 0, -1], [1, 1, 0, 0], [-1, 0, 0, 1]]
            _rowOffsets = [[-1, 0, 0, 1], [-1, -1, 0, 0], [1, 0, 0, -1], [1, 1, 0, 0]]
        elif self.clr == 3:
            _colOffsets = [[-1, 0, 0, 0], [-1, -1, 0, 1], [1, 0, 0, 0], [1, 1, 0, -1]]
            _rowOffsets = [[1, 1, 0, -1], [-1, 0, 0, 0], [-1, -1, 0, 1], [1, 0, 0, 0]]
        elif self.clr == 4:
            _colOffsets = [[-1, 0, 0, 0], [1, 1, 0, -1], [1, 0, 0, 0], [-1, -1, 0, 1]]
            _rowOffsets = [[-1, -1, 0, 1], [-1, 0, 0, 0], [1, 1, 0, -1], [1, 0, 0, 0]]
        elif self.clr == 5:
            _colOffsets = [[0, 0, 0, 0], [2, 1, 0, -1], [0, 0, 0, 0], [-2, -1, 0, 1]]
            _rowOffsets = [[-2, -1, 0, 1], [0, 0, 0, 0], [2, 1, 0, -1], [0, 0, 0, 0]]
        elif self.clr == 6:
            _colOffsets = [[0, -1, 0, 0], [-1, 0, 0, 1], [0, 1, 0, 0], [1, 0, 0, -1]]  #
            _rowOffsets = [[1, 0, 0, -1], [0, -1, 0, 0], [-1, 0, 0, 1], [0, 1, 0, 0]]  #
        elif self.clr == 7:
            _colOffsets = [[-1, -1, 0, 0], [-1, -1, 0, 0], [-1, -1, 0, 0], [-1, -1, 0, 0]]
            _rowOffsets = [[0, -1, 0, -1], [0, -1, 0, -1], [0, -1, 0, -1], [0, -1, 0, -1]]
        self._colOffsets = _colOffsets[self._rot]
        self._rowOffsets = _rowOffsets[self._rot]
        self._update()

    def move_left(self):
        self.col = self.col - 1
        self._update()

    def move_right(self):
        self.col = self.col + 1
        self._update()

    def move_down(self):
        self.row = self.row + 1
        self._update()

    def move_up(self):
        self.row = self.row - 1
        self._update()

    def rotateClkwise(self):
        self._rot = (self._rot + 1) % 4

    def rotateCntclkwise(self):
        self._rot = (self._rot - 1) % 4


# --------------------------------------- #


class Floor(Cluster):
    """ Horizontal line of blocks
        data:
            col - column where the anchor block is located
            row - row where the anchor block is located
            blocksNo - number of blocks 
    """

    def __init__(self, col=1, row=1, blocksNo=1):
        Cluster.__init__(self, col, row, blocksNo)
        for i in range(blocksNo):
            self._colOffsets[i] = i
        self._update()


# --------------------------------------- #


class Wall(Cluster):
    """ Vertical line of blocks
        data:
            col - column where the anchor block is located
            row - row where the anchor block is located
            blocksNo - number of blocks 
    """

    def __init__(self, col=1, row=1, blocksNo=1):
        Cluster.__init__(self, col, row, blocksNo)
        for i in range(blocksNo):
            self._rowOffsets[i] = i
        self._update()

#########################################
# File name: Tetris.py                  #
# Author: David Gurevich                #
# Course: ICS3U                         #
# Instructor: D. Mavrodin               #
# --------------------------------------#
# Last Modified: 11/12/2017 @ 21:02     #
#########################################

import sys
from random import randint, choice

from Classes import *

pygame.init()

HEIGHT = 600
WIDTH = 575
GRIDSIZE = HEIGHT // 24
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("Tetris - David Gurevich")

LVL_1, LVL_2, LVL_3, LVL_4, LVL_5, LVL_6, LVL_7, LVL_8, LVL_9 = 45, 20, 10, 7, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1

LEVELS = [LVL_1, LVL_2, LVL_3, LVL_4, LVL_5, LVL_6, LVL_7, LVL_8, LVL_9]

SCORE = 0

# ---------------------------------------#

COLUMNS = 14
ROWS = 24
LEFT = 0
RIGHT = LEFT + COLUMNS
MIDDLE = LEFT + COLUMNS // 2
TOP = 1
FLOOR = TOP + ROWS

# -------------IMAGES and MUSIC--------------------#

pygame.mixer.set_num_channels(6)

# Channel 0: Background Music
# Channel 1: Block Rotation
# Channel 2: Force Hit
# Channel 3: Line Remove
# Channel 4: Slow Hit
# Channel 5: Tetris Remove


# ---- BACKGROUND IMAGES ---- #
tetris_img = pygame.image.load('images/Tetris.jpg')
grid_img = pygame.image.load('images/gridbg.jpg')

intro_screen = pygame.image.load('images/Intro.jpg')
outro_screen = pygame.image.load('images/Outro.jpg')
# --------------------------- #

# ---- SOUND EFFECTS ---- #
block_rotate = pygame.mixer.Sound('Sounds/block-rotate.ogg')
force_hit = pygame.mixer.Sound('Sounds/force-hit.ogg')
line_remove = pygame.mixer.Sound('Sounds/line-remove.ogg')
slow_hit = pygame.mixer.Sound('Sounds/slow-hit.ogg')
tetris_remove = pygame.mixer.Sound('Sounds/tetris-remove.ogg')
# ----------------------- #

# ---- BACKGROUND MUSIC ---- #
kalinka = pygame.mixer.Sound('Music/kalinka.ogg')
katyusha = pygame.mixer.Sound('Music/katyusha.ogg')
korobushka = pygame.mixer.Sound('Music/korobushka.ogg')
smuglianka = pygame.mixer.Sound('Music/smuglianka.ogg')

bg_music = choice([kalinka, katyusha, korobushka, smuglianka])
# -------------------------- #

# ---- BLOCK PREVIEWS ---- #
cube_block = pygame.image.load('Previews/cube-block.png').convert_alpha()
i_block = pygame.image.load('Previews/i-block.png').convert_alpha()
j_block = pygame.image.load('Previews/j-block.png').convert_alpha()
L_block = pygame.image.load('Previews/L-block.png').convert_alpha()
r_s_block = pygame.image.load('Previews/r-s-block.png').convert_alpha()
s_block = pygame.image.load('Previews/s-block.png').convert_alpha()
t_block = pygame.image.load('Previews/t-block.png').convert_alpha()

block_img_lst = [r_s_block, s_block, L_block, j_block, i_block, t_block, cube_block]  # MUST MATCH LIST IN CLASSES.PY
# ------------------------ #

# ---- FAVICON ---- #
favicon = pygame.image.load('images/favicon.png').convert_alpha()
pygame.display.set_icon(favicon)
# ----------------- #

# ---- FONTS ---- #
pygame.font.init()
my_font = pygame.font.SysFont('Arial Black', 21)


# --------------- #

# ------------- FUNCTIONS -------------------- #


def draw_grid():
    """ Draw horisontal and vertical lines on the entire game window.
        Space between the lines is GRIDSIZE.
    """
    for i in range(15):
        pygame.draw.line(screen, BLACK, (i * GRIDSIZE, 0), (i * GRIDSIZE, HEIGHT), 1)

    for i in range(24):
        pygame.draw.line(screen, BLACK, (0, i * GRIDSIZE), (GRIDSIZE * 24, i * GRIDSIZE), 1)


def redraw_screen():
    score_text = my_font.render(str(SCORE), True, WHITE)
    timer_text = my_font.render(str(round(pygame.time.get_ticks() / 1000, 2)), True, WHITE)
    level_text = my_font.render(str(level + 1), True, WHITE)

    screen.blit(grid_img, (0, 0))
    draw_grid()
    screen.blit(tetris_img, (GRIDSIZE * 14, 0))
    shape.draw(screen, GRIDSIZE)
    shadow.draw(screen, GRIDSIZE, True)
    obstacles.draw(screen, GRIDSIZE)

    # BLIT FONTS
    screen.blit(score_text, ((GRIDSIZE * 14) + 90, 460))
    screen.blit(timer_text, ((GRIDSIZE * 14) + 85, 538))
    screen.blit(level_text, ((GRIDSIZE * 14) + 100, 380))

    # BLIT NEXT SHAPE
    screen.blit(block_img_lst[nextShapeNo - 1], ((GRIDSIZE * 14) + 72, 240))

    pygame.display.flip()


def drop(my_shape):
    flow = False
    while not flow:
        my_shape.move_down()
        if my_shape.collides(floor) or my_shape.collides(obstacles):
            my_shape.move_up()
            flow = True

    if not my_shape.shadow:
        pygame.mixer.Channel(2).play(force_hit)


# -------------------------------------------- #

# ------------- MAIN PROGRAM -------------------- #

counter = 0

shapeNo = randint(1, 7)
nextShapeNo = randint(1, 7)

shape = Shape(MIDDLE, TOP, shapeNo)
floor = Floor(LEFT, ROWS, COLUMNS)
leftWall = Wall(LEFT - 1, 0, ROWS)
rightWall = Wall(RIGHT, 0, ROWS)
obstacles = Obstacles(LEFT, FLOOR)
inPlay = False
hasPlayed = False
level = 0

PREV_TETRIS = False

pygame.mixer.Channel(0).play(bg_music, -1)

# ---- INTRO SCREEN ---- #
while not inPlay and not hasPlayed:
    screen.blit(intro_screen, (0, 0))
    pygame.display.flip()

    screen.blit(intro_screen, (0, 0))
    pygame.display.flip()

    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit(0)

        if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
                inPlay = True
                hasPlayed = True

# ---------------------- #

while inPlay:

    shadow = Shape(shape.col, shape.row, shape.clr, shape._rot, True)
    drop(shadow)

    if counter % LEVELS[level] == 0:
        shape.move_down()
        if shape.collides(floor) or shape.collides(obstacles):
            shape.move_up()
            obstacles.append(shape)
            pygame.mixer.Channel(5).play(slow_hit)
            fullRows = obstacles.findFullRows(TOP, FLOOR, COLUMNS)

            # --------- CHECK --------- #
            if 4 > len(fullRows) > 0:
                SCORE += 100 * len(fullRows)
                pygame.mixer.Channel(3).play(line_remove)
            elif len(fullRows) >= 4:
                SCORE += 800 + (100 * (len(fullRows) - 4))
                pygame.mixer.Channel(4).play(tetris_remove)
                PREV_TETRIS = True
            elif len(fullRows) >= 4 and PREV_TETRIS:
                SCORE += 1200 + (100 * (len(fullRows) - 4))
                PREV_TETRIS = True
                pygame.mixer.Channel(4).play(tetris_remove)
            # ------------------------ #

            obstacles.removeFullRows(fullRows)
            shapeNo = nextShapeNo
            nextShapeNo = randint(1, 7)
            if not shape.row <= 1:
                shape = Shape(MIDDLE, TOP, shapeNo)
            else:
                inPlay = False

    for event in pygame.event.get():

        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            inPlay = False

        if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
                shape.rotateClkwise()
                shape._rotate()
                if shape.collides(leftWall) or shape.collides(rightWall) or shape.collides(floor) or shape.collides(
                        obstacles):
                    shape.rotateCntclkwise()
                    shape._rotate()
                else:
                    pygame.mixer.Channel(1).play(block_rotate)

            if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                shape.move_left()
                if shape.collides(leftWall):
                    shape.move_right()
                elif shape.collides(obstacles):
                    shape.move_right()

            if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                shape.move_right()
                if shape.collides(rightWall):
                    shape.move_left()
                elif shape.collides(obstacles):
                    shape.move_left()

            if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                shape.move_down()
                if shape.collides(floor) or shape.collides(obstacles):
                    shape.move_up()
                    obstacles.append(shape)
                    fullRows = obstacles.findFullRows(TOP, FLOOR, COLUMNS)
                    # --------- CHECK --------- #
                    if 4 > len(fullRows) > 0:
                        SCORE += 100 * len(fullRows)
                        pygame.mixer.Channel(3).play(line_remove)
                    elif len(fullRows) >= 4:
                        SCORE += 800 + (100 * (len(fullRows) - 4))
                        pygame.mixer.Channel(4).play(tetris_remove)
                        PREV_TETRIS = True
                    elif len(fullRows) >= 4 and PREV_TETRIS:
                        SCORE += 1200 + (100 * (len(fullRows) - 4))
                        PREV_TETRIS = True
                        pygame.mixer.Channel(4).play(tetris_remove)
                    # ------------------------- #

                    obstacles.removeFullRows(fullRows)
                    shapeNo = nextShapeNo
                    nextShapeNo = randint(1, 7)
                    shape = Shape(MIDDLE, TOP, shapeNo)
                    shape = Shape(MIDDLE, TOP, shapeNo)

            if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
                drop(shape)
                obstacles.append(shape)
                shapeNo = nextShapeNo
                nextShapeNo = randint(1, 7)
                shape = Shape(MIDDLE, TOP, shapeNo)
                fullRows = obstacles.findFullRows(TOP, FLOOR, COLUMNS)
                # --------- CHECK --------- #
                if 4 > len(fullRows) > 0:
                    SCORE += 100 * len(fullRows)
                    pygame.mixer.Channel(3).play(line_remove)
                elif len(fullRows) >= 4:
                    SCORE += 800 + (100 * (len(fullRows) - 4))
                    pygame.mixer.Channel(4).play(tetris_remove)
                    PREV_TETRIS = True
                elif len(fullRows) >= 4 and PREV_TETRIS:
                    SCORE += 1200 + (100 * (len(fullRows) - 4))
                    PREV_TETRIS = True
                    pygame.mixer.Channel(4).play(tetris_remove)
                # ------------------------- #
                obstacles.removeFullRows(fullRows)

    if 1000 >= SCORE >= 500:
        level = 1
    elif 1500 >= SCORE > 1000:
        level = 2
    elif 2000 >= SCORE > 1500:
        level = 3
    elif 2250 >= SCORE > 2000:
        level = 4
    elif 2500 >= SCORE > 2250:
        level = 5
    elif 2750 >= SCORE > 2500:
        level = 6
    elif 3000 >= SCORE > 2750:
        level = 7
    elif 3250 >= SCORE > 3000:
        level = 8
    elif SCORE >= 3250:
        level = 9

    PREV_TETRIS = False
    counter += 1
    redraw_screen()

while not inPlay and hasPlayed:
    start_timer = pygame.time.get_ticks()
    screen.blit(outro_screen, (0, 0))
    pygame.display.flip()

    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit(0)

        if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
                pygame.quit()
                sys.exit(0)

        if pygame.time.get_ticks() - start_timer >= 2000:
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit(0)

# ----------------------------------------------- #

pygame.quit()
sys.exit("Exited Final")

import pygame
import sys

pygame.init()

screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))

ball = pygame.image.load("football_new.png")
ball_width  = ball.get_width()
ball_height = ball.get_height()

screen.fill((255, 255, 255))

ball_x = 0
ball_y = 0

#方向 0 向上, 1 向下
direction = 1
响应次数 = 0
while True:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            sys.exit()

    if pygame.key.get_pressed()[pygame.K_LEFT]:
        响应次数 += 1
        if 响应次数 >= 5:
            ball_x -= 1
            响应次数 = 0
    elif pygame.key.get_pressed()[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
        响应次数 += 1
        if 响应次数 >= 5:
            ball_x += 1
            响应次数 = 0

    if direction == 1:
        ball_y += 1
    elif direction == 0:
        ball_y -= 1

    if ball_x < 0:
        ball_x = 0

    if ball_x > 800 - ball_width:
        ball_x = 800 - ball_width

    if ball_y < 0:
        ball_y = 0
        direction = 1

    #到最下面
    if ball_y > 600 - ball_height:
        ball_y = 600 - ball_height
        direction = 0

    screen.fill((120, 120, 120))

    screen.blit(ball, (ball_x, ball_y))

    pygame.display.update();

import pygame
import sys

pygame.init()

screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))

ball = pygame.image.load("ball.png");
screen.fill((255, 255, 255))

ball_x = 0
ball_y = 0

while True:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            sys.exit()

    if pygame.key.get_pressed()[pygame.K_LEFT]:
        ball_x -= 1
    elif pygame.key.get_pressed()[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
        ball_x += 1
    elif pygame.key.get_pressed()[pygame.K_DOWN]:
        ball_y += 1
    elif pygame.key.get_pressed()[pygame.K_UP]:
        ball_y -= 1

    if ball_x < 0:
        ball_x = 0

    if ball_x > 800:
        ball_x = 800

    if ball_y < 0:
        ball_y = 0

    if ball_y > 600:
        ball_y = 600
        
    screen.fill((255, 255, 255))

    screen.blit(ball, (ball_x, ball_y))

    pygame.display.update();

sudo apt-get remove php5* -y
sudo apt-get install php7.4 php7.4-common php7.4-mbstring -y
a2enmod php7.4

sudo composer create-project topthink/think  ./ 6.0.2

sudo composer create-project topthink/think  ./ 6.0.2

sudo composer create-project topthink/think  ./ 5.1.39

$
$ sudo composer create-project topthink/think ./
Do not run Composer as root/super user! See https://getcomposer.org/root for details

Installing topthink/think (v6.0.2)
  - Installing topthink/think (v6.0.2): Downloading (100%)
Created project in ./
Loading composer repositories with package information
Updating dependencies (including require-dev)
Package operations: 14 installs, 0 updates, 0 removals
  - Installing psr/container (1.0.0): Downloading (100%)
  - Installing topthink/think-helper (v3.1.3): Downloading (100%)
  - Installing psr/log (1.1.2): Downloading (100%)
  - Installing psr/simple-cache (1.0.1): Downloading (100%)
  - Installing topthink/think-orm (v2.0.31): Downloading (100%)
  - Installing symfony/polyfill-php72 (v1.13.1): Downloading (100%)
  - Installing symfony/polyfill-mbstring (v1.13.1): Downloading (100%)
  - Installing symfony/var-dumper (v4.4.3): Downloading (100%)
  - Installing opis/closure (3.5.1): Downloading (100%)
  - Installing psr/cache (1.0.1): Downloading (100%)
  - Installing league/flysystem (1.0.63): Downloading (100%)
  - Installing league/flysystem-cached-adapter (1.0.9): Downloading (100%)
  - Installing topthink/framework (v6.0.2): Downloading (100%)
  - Installing topthink/think-trace (v1.2): Downloading (100%)
symfony/var-dumper suggests installing ext-intl (To show region name in time zone dump)
symfony/var-dumper suggests installing symfony/console (To use the ServerDumpCommand and/or the bin/var-dump-server script)
league/flysystem suggests installing league/flysystem-eventable-filesystem (Allows you to use EventableFilesystem)
league/flysystem suggests installing league/flysystem-rackspace (Allows you to use Rackspace Cloud Files)
league/flysystem suggests installing league/flysystem-azure (Allows you to use Windows Azure Blob storage)
league/flysystem suggests installing league/flysystem-webdav (Allows you to use WebDAV storage)
league/flysystem suggests installing league/flysystem-aws-s3-v2 (Allows you to use S3 storage with AWS SDK v2)
league/flysystem suggests installing league/flysystem-aws-s3-v3 (Allows you to use S3 storage with AWS SDK v3)
league/flysystem suggests installing spatie/flysystem-dropbox (Allows you to use Dropbox storage)
league/flysystem suggests installing srmklive/flysystem-dropbox-v2 (Allows you to use Dropbox storage for PHP 5 applications)
league/flysystem suggests installing league/flysystem-sftp (Allows you to use SFTP server storage via phpseclib)
league/flysystem suggests installing league/flysystem-ziparchive (Allows you to use ZipArchive adapter)
league/flysystem-cached-adapter suggests installing ext-phpredis (Pure C implemented extension for PHP)
Writing lock file
Generating autoload files
> @php think service:discover
Succeed!
> @php think vendor:publish
Succeed!
$
$

D:\py\starpusher\dist\starpusher>starpusher.exe
pygame 1.9.6
Hello from the pygame community. https://www.pygame.org/contribute.html
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "starpusher.py", line 598, in <module>
  File "starpusher.py", line 51, in main
  File "site-packages\pygame\pkgdata.py", line 50, in getResource
  File "site-packages\pkg_resources\__init__.py", line 1132, in resource_exists
  File "site-packages\pkg_resources\__init__.py", line 1402, in has_resource
  File "site-packages\pkg_resources\__init__.py", line 1455, in _has
NotImplementedError: Can't perform this operation for unregistered loader type
[8548] Failed to execute script starpusher

# Star Pusher (a Sokoban clone)
# By Al Sweigart al@inventwithpython.com
# http://inventwithpython.com/pygame
# Released under a "Simplified BSD" license

import random, sys, copy, os, pygame
from pygame.locals import *

FPS = 30 # frames per second to update the screen
WINWIDTH = 800 # width of the program's window, in pixels
WINHEIGHT = 600 # height in pixels
HALF_WINWIDTH = int(WINWIDTH / 2)
HALF_WINHEIGHT = int(WINHEIGHT / 2)

# The total width and height of each tile in pixels.
TILEWIDTH = 50
TILEHEIGHT = 85
TILEFLOORHEIGHT = 40

CAM_MOVE_SPEED = 5 # how many pixels per frame the camera moves

# The percentage of outdoor tiles that have additional
# decoration on them, such as a tree or rock.
OUTSIDE_DECORATION_PCT = 20

BRIGHTBLUE = (  0, 170, 255)
WHITE      = (255, 255, 255)
BGCOLOR = BRIGHTBLUE
TEXTCOLOR = WHITE

UP = 'up'
DOWN = 'down'
LEFT = 'left'
RIGHT = 'right'


def main():
    global FPSCLOCK, DISPLAYSURF, IMAGESDICT, TILEMAPPING, OUTSIDEDECOMAPPING, BASICFONT, PLAYERIMAGES, currentImage

    # Pygame initialization and basic set up of the global variables.
    pygame.init()
    FPSCLOCK = pygame.time.Clock()

    # Because the Surface object stored in DISPLAYSURF was returned
    # from the pygame.display.set_mode() function, this is the
    # Surface object that is drawn to the actual computer screen
    # when pygame.display.update() is called.
    DISPLAYSURF = pygame.display.set_mode((WINWIDTH, WINHEIGHT))

    pygame.display.set_caption('Star Pusher')
    BASICFONT = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 18)

    # A global dict value that will contain all the Pygame
    # Surface objects returned by pygame.image.load().
    IMAGESDICT = {'uncovered goal': pygame.image.load('RedSelector.png'),
                  'covered goal': pygame.image.load('Selector.png'),
                  'star': pygame.image.load('Star.png'),
                  'corner': pygame.image.load('Wall_Block_Tall.png'),
                  'wall': pygame.image.load('Wood_Block_Tall.png'),
                  'inside floor': pygame.image.load('Plain_Block.png'),
                  'outside floor': pygame.image.load('Grass_Block.png'),
                  'title': pygame.image.load('star_title.png'),
                  'solved': pygame.image.load('star_solved.png'),
                  'princess': pygame.image.load('princess.png'),
                  'boy': pygame.image.load('boy.png'),
                  'catgirl': pygame.image.load('catgirl.png'),
                  'horngirl': pygame.image.load('horngirl.png'),
                  'pinkgirl': pygame.image.load('pinkgirl.png'),
                  'rock': pygame.image.load('Rock.png'),
                  'short tree': pygame.image.load('Tree_Short.png'),
                  'tall tree': pygame.image.load('Tree_Tall.png'),
                  'ugly tree': pygame.image.load('Tree_Ugly.png')}

    # These dict values are global, and map the character that appears
    # in the level file to the Surface object it represents.
    TILEMAPPING = {'x': IMAGESDICT['corner'],
                   '#': IMAGESDICT['wall'],
                   'o': IMAGESDICT['inside floor'],
                   ' ': IMAGESDICT['outside floor']}
    OUTSIDEDECOMAPPING = {'1': IMAGESDICT['rock'],
                          '2': IMAGESDICT['short tree'],
                          '3': IMAGESDICT['tall tree'],
                          '4': IMAGESDICT['ugly tree']}

    # PLAYERIMAGES is a list of all possible characters the player can be.
    # currentImage is the index of the player's current player image.
    currentImage = 0
    PLAYERIMAGES = [IMAGESDICT['princess'],
                    IMAGESDICT['boy'],
                    IMAGESDICT['catgirl'],
                    IMAGESDICT['horngirl'],
                    IMAGESDICT['pinkgirl']]

    startScreen() # show the title screen until the user presses a key

    # Read in the levels from the text file. See the readLevelsFile() for
    # details on the format of this file and how to make your own levels.
    levels = readLevelsFile('starPusherLevels.txt')
    currentLevelIndex = 0

    # The main game loop. This loop runs a single level, when the user
    # finishes that level, the next/previous level is loaded.
    while True: # main game loop
        # Run the level to actually start playing the game:
        result = runLevel(levels, currentLevelIndex)

        if result in ('solved', 'next'):
            # Go to the next level.
            currentLevelIndex += 1
            if currentLevelIndex >= len(levels):
                # If there are no more levels, go back to the first one.
                currentLevelIndex = 0
        elif result == 'back':
            # Go to the previous level.
            currentLevelIndex -= 1
            if currentLevelIndex < 0:
                # If there are no previous levels, go to the last one.
                currentLevelIndex = len(levels)-1
        elif result == 'reset':
            pass # Do nothing. Loop re-calls runLevel() to reset the level


def runLevel(levels, levelNum):
    global currentImage
    levelObj = levels[levelNum]
    mapObj = decorateMap(levelObj['mapObj'], levelObj['startState']['player'])
    gameStateObj = copy.deepcopy(levelObj['startState'])
    mapNeedsRedraw = True # set to True to call drawMap()
    levelSurf = BASICFONT.render('Level %s of %s' % (levelNum + 1, len(levels)), 1, TEXTCOLOR)
    levelRect = levelSurf.get_rect()
    levelRect.bottomleft = (20, WINHEIGHT - 35)
    mapWidth = len(mapObj) * TILEWIDTH
    mapHeight = (len(mapObj[0]) - 1) * TILEFLOORHEIGHT + TILEHEIGHT
    MAX_CAM_X_PAN = abs(HALF_WINHEIGHT - int(mapHeight / 2)) + TILEWIDTH
    MAX_CAM_Y_PAN = abs(HALF_WINWIDTH - int(mapWidth / 2)) + TILEHEIGHT

    levelIsComplete = False
    # Track how much the camera has moved:
    cameraOffsetX = 0
    cameraOffsetY = 0
    # Track if the keys to move the camera are being held down:
    cameraUp = False
    cameraDown = False
    cameraLeft = False
    cameraRight = False

    while True: # main game loop
        # Reset these variables:
        playerMoveTo = None
        keyPressed = False

        for event in pygame.event.get(): # event handling loop
            if event.type == QUIT:
                # Player clicked the "X" at the corner of the window.
                terminate()

            elif event.type == KEYDOWN:
                # Handle key presses
                keyPressed = True
                if event.key == K_LEFT:
                    playerMoveTo = LEFT
                elif event.key == K_RIGHT:
                    playerMoveTo = RIGHT
                elif event.key == K_UP:
                    playerMoveTo = UP
                elif event.key == K_DOWN:
                    playerMoveTo = DOWN

                # Set the camera move mode.
                elif event.key == K_a:
                    cameraLeft = True
                elif event.key == K_d:
                    cameraRight = True
                elif event.key == K_w:
                    cameraUp = True
                elif event.key == K_s:
                    cameraDown = True

                elif event.key == K_n:
                    return 'next'
                elif event.key == K_b:
                    return 'back'

                elif event.key == K_ESCAPE:
                    terminate() # Esc key quits.
                elif event.key == K_BACKSPACE:
                    return 'reset' # Reset the level.
                elif event.key == K_p:
                    # Change the player image to the next one.
                    currentImage += 1
                    if currentImage >= len(PLAYERIMAGES):
                        # After the last player image, use the first one.
                        currentImage = 0
                    mapNeedsRedraw = True

            elif event.type == KEYUP:
                # Unset the camera move mode.
                if event.key == K_a:
                    cameraLeft = False
                elif event.key == K_d:
                    cameraRight = False
                elif event.key == K_w:
                    cameraUp = False
                elif event.key == K_s:
                    cameraDown = False

        if playerMoveTo != None and not levelIsComplete:
            # If the player pushed a key to move, make the move
            # (if possible) and push any stars that are pushable.
            moved = makeMove(mapObj, gameStateObj, playerMoveTo)

            if moved:
                # increment the step counter.
                gameStateObj['stepCounter'] += 1
                mapNeedsRedraw = True

            if isLevelFinished(levelObj, gameStateObj):
                # level is solved, we should show the "Solved!" image.
                levelIsComplete = True
                keyPressed = False

        DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)

        if mapNeedsRedraw:
            mapSurf = drawMap(mapObj, gameStateObj, levelObj['goals'])
            mapNeedsRedraw = False

        if cameraUp and cameraOffsetY < MAX_CAM_X_PAN:
            cameraOffsetY += CAM_MOVE_SPEED
        elif cameraDown and cameraOffsetY > -MAX_CAM_X_PAN:
            cameraOffsetY -= CAM_MOVE_SPEED
        if cameraLeft and cameraOffsetX < MAX_CAM_Y_PAN:
            cameraOffsetX += CAM_MOVE_SPEED
        elif cameraRight and cameraOffsetX > -MAX_CAM_Y_PAN:
            cameraOffsetX -= CAM_MOVE_SPEED

        # Adjust mapSurf's Rect object based on the camera offset.
        mapSurfRect = mapSurf.get_rect()
        mapSurfRect.center = (HALF_WINWIDTH + cameraOffsetX, HALF_WINHEIGHT + cameraOffsetY)

        # Draw mapSurf to the DISPLAYSURF Surface object.
        DISPLAYSURF.blit(mapSurf, mapSurfRect)

        DISPLAYSURF.blit(levelSurf, levelRect)
        stepSurf = BASICFONT.render('Steps: %s' % (gameStateObj['stepCounter']), 1, TEXTCOLOR)
        stepRect = stepSurf.get_rect()
        stepRect.bottomleft = (20, WINHEIGHT - 10)
        DISPLAYSURF.blit(stepSurf, stepRect)

        if levelIsComplete:
            # is solved, show the "Solved!" image until the player
            # has pressed a key.
            solvedRect = IMAGESDICT['solved'].get_rect()
            solvedRect.center = (HALF_WINWIDTH, HALF_WINHEIGHT)
            DISPLAYSURF.blit(IMAGESDICT['solved'], solvedRect)

            if keyPressed:
                return 'solved'

        pygame.display.update() # draw DISPLAYSURF to the screen.
        FPSCLOCK.tick()


def isWall(mapObj, x, y):
    """Returns True if the (x, y) position on
    the map is a wall, otherwise return False."""
    if x < 0 or x >= len(mapObj) or y < 0 or y >= len(mapObj[x]):
        return False # x and y aren't actually on the map.
    elif mapObj[x][y] in ('#', 'x'):
        return True # wall is blocking
    return False


def decorateMap(mapObj, startxy):
    """Makes a copy of the given map object and modifies it.
    Here is what is done to it:
        * Walls that are corners are turned into corner pieces.
        * The outside/inside floor tile distinction is made.
        * Tree/rock decorations are randomly added to the outside tiles.

    Returns the decorated map object."""

    startx, starty = startxy # Syntactic sugar

    # Copy the map object so we don't modify the original passed
    mapObjCopy = copy.deepcopy(mapObj)

    # Remove the non-wall characters from the map data
    for x in range(len(mapObjCopy)):
        for y in range(len(mapObjCopy[0])):
            if mapObjCopy[x][y] in ('$', '.', '@', '+', '*'):
                mapObjCopy[x][y] = ' '

    # Flood fill to determine inside/outside floor tiles.
    floodFill(mapObjCopy, startx, starty, ' ', 'o')

    # Convert the adjoined walls into corner tiles.
    for x in range(len(mapObjCopy)):
        for y in range(len(mapObjCopy[0])):

            if mapObjCopy[x][y] == '#':
                if (isWall(mapObjCopy, x, y-1) and isWall(mapObjCopy, x+1, y)) or \
                   (isWall(mapObjCopy, x+1, y) and isWall(mapObjCopy, x, y+1)) or \
                   (isWall(mapObjCopy, x, y+1) and isWall(mapObjCopy, x-1, y)) or \
                   (isWall(mapObjCopy, x-1, y) and isWall(mapObjCopy, x, y-1)):
                    mapObjCopy[x][y] = 'x'

            elif mapObjCopy[x][y] == ' ' and random.randint(0, 99) < OUTSIDE_DECORATION_PCT:
                mapObjCopy[x][y] = random.choice(list(OUTSIDEDECOMAPPING.keys()))

    return mapObjCopy


def isBlocked(mapObj, gameStateObj, x, y):
    """Returns True if the (x, y) position on the map is
    blocked by a wall or star, otherwise return False."""

    if isWall(mapObj, x, y):
        return True

    elif x < 0 or x >= len(mapObj) or y < 0 or y >= len(mapObj[x]):
        return True # x and y aren't actually on the map.

    elif (x, y) in gameStateObj['stars']:
        return True # a star is blocking

    return False


def makeMove(mapObj, gameStateObj, playerMoveTo):
    """Given a map and game state object, see if it is possible for the
    player to make the given move. If it is, then change the player's
    position (and the position of any pushed star). If not, do nothing.

    Returns True if the player moved, otherwise False."""

    # Make sure the player can move in the direction they want.
    playerx, playery = gameStateObj['player']

    # This variable is "syntactic sugar". Typing "stars" is more
    # readable than typing "gameStateObj['stars']" in our code.
    stars = gameStateObj['stars']

    # The code for handling each of the directions is so similar aside
    # from adding or subtracting 1 to the x/y coordinates. We can
    # simplify it by using the xOffset and yOffset variables.
    if playerMoveTo == UP:
        xOffset = 0
        yOffset = -1
    elif playerMoveTo == RIGHT:
        xOffset = 1
        yOffset = 0
    elif playerMoveTo == DOWN:
        xOffset = 0
        yOffset = 1
    elif playerMoveTo == LEFT:
        xOffset = -1
        yOffset = 0

    # See if the player can move in that direction.
    if isWall(mapObj, playerx + xOffset, playery + yOffset):
        return False
    else:
        if (playerx + xOffset, playery + yOffset) in stars:
            # There is a star in the way, see if the player can push it.
            if not isBlocked(mapObj, gameStateObj, playerx + (xOffset*2), playery + (yOffset*2)):
                # Move the star.
                ind = stars.index((playerx + xOffset, playery + yOffset))
                stars[ind] = (stars[ind][0] + xOffset, stars[ind][1] + yOffset)
            else:
                return False
        # Move the player upwards.
        gameStateObj['player'] = (playerx + xOffset, playery + yOffset)
        return True


def startScreen():
    """Display the start screen (which has the title and instructions)
    until the player presses a key. Returns None."""

    # Position the title image.
    titleRect = IMAGESDICT['title'].get_rect()
    topCoord = 50 # topCoord tracks where to position the top of the text
    titleRect.top = topCoord
    titleRect.centerx = HALF_WINWIDTH
    topCoord += titleRect.height

    # Unfortunately, Pygame's font & text system only shows one line at
    # a time, so we can't use strings with \n newline characters in them.
    # So we will use a list with each line in it.
    instructionText = ['Push the stars over the marks.',
                       'Arrow keys to move, WASD for camera control, P to change character.',
                       'Backspace to reset level, Esc to quit.',
                       'N for next level, B to go back a level.']

    # Start with drawing a blank color to the entire window:
    DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)

    # Draw the title image to the window:
    DISPLAYSURF.blit(IMAGESDICT['title'], titleRect)

    # Position and draw the text.
    for i in range(len(instructionText)):
        instSurf = BASICFONT.render(instructionText[i], 1, TEXTCOLOR)
        instRect = instSurf.get_rect()
        topCoord += 10 # 10 pixels will go in between each line of text.
        instRect.top = topCoord
        instRect.centerx = HALF_WINWIDTH
        topCoord += instRect.height # Adjust for the height of the line.
        DISPLAYSURF.blit(instSurf, instRect)

    while True: # Main loop for the start screen.
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == QUIT:
                terminate()
            elif event.type == KEYDOWN:
                if event.key == K_ESCAPE:
                    terminate()
                return # user has pressed a key, so return.

        # Display the DISPLAYSURF contents to the actual screen.
        pygame.display.update()
        FPSCLOCK.tick()


def readLevelsFile(filename):
    assert os.path.exists(filename), 'Cannot find the level file: %s' % (filename)
    mapFile = open(filename, 'r')
    # Each level must end with a blank line
    content = mapFile.readlines() + ['\r\n']
    mapFile.close()

    levels = [] # Will contain a list of level objects.
    levelNum = 0
    mapTextLines = [] # contains the lines for a single level's map.
    mapObj = [] # the map object made from the data in mapTextLines
    for lineNum in range(len(content)):
        # Process each line that was in the level file.
        line = content[lineNum].rstrip('\r\n')

        if ';' in line:
            # Ignore the ; lines, they're comments in the level file.
            line = line[:line.find(';')]

        if line != '':
            # This line is part of the map.
            mapTextLines.append(line)
        elif line == '' and len(mapTextLines) > 0:
            # A blank line indicates the end of a level's map in the file.
            # Convert the text in mapTextLines into a level object.

            # Find the longest row in the map.
            maxWidth = -1
            for i in range(len(mapTextLines)):
                if len(mapTextLines[i]) > maxWidth:
                    maxWidth = len(mapTextLines[i])
            # Add spaces to the ends of the shorter rows. This
            # ensures the map will be rectangular.
            for i in range(len(mapTextLines)):
                mapTextLines[i] += ' ' * (maxWidth - len(mapTextLines[i]))

            # Convert mapTextLines to a map object.
            for x in range(len(mapTextLines[0])):
                mapObj.append([])
            for y in range(len(mapTextLines)):
                for x in range(maxWidth):
                    mapObj[x].append(mapTextLines[y][x])

            # Loop through the spaces in the map and find the @, ., and $
            # characters for the starting game state.
            startx = None # The x and y for the player's starting position
            starty = None
            goals = [] # list of (x, y) tuples for each goal.
            stars = [] # list of (x, y) for each star's starting position.
            for x in range(maxWidth):
                for y in range(len(mapObj[x])):
                    if mapObj[x][y] in ('@', '+'):
                        # '@' is player, '+' is player & goal
                        startx = x
                        starty = y
                    if mapObj[x][y] in ('.', '+', '*'):
                        # '.' is goal, '*' is star & goal
                        goals.append((x, y))
                    if mapObj[x][y] in ('$', '*'):
                        # '$' is star
                        stars.append((x, y))

            # Basic level design sanity checks:
            assert startx != None and starty != None, 'Level %s (around line %s) in %s is missing a "@" or "+" to mark the start point.' % (levelNum+1, lineNum, filename)
            assert len(goals) > 0, 'Level %s (around line %s) in %s must have at least one goal.' % (levelNum+1, lineNum, filename)
            assert len(stars) >= len(goals), 'Level %s (around line %s) in %s is impossible to solve. It has %s goals but only %s stars.' % (levelNum+1, lineNum, filename, len(goals), len(stars))

            # Create level object and starting game state object.
            gameStateObj = {'player': (startx, starty),
                            'stepCounter': 0,
                            'stars': stars}
            levelObj = {'width': maxWidth,
                        'height': len(mapObj),
                        'mapObj': mapObj,
                        'goals': goals,
                        'startState': gameStateObj}

            levels.append(levelObj)

            # Reset the variables for reading the next map.
            mapTextLines = []
            mapObj = []
            gameStateObj = {}
            levelNum += 1
    return levels


def floodFill(mapObj, x, y, oldCharacter, newCharacter):
    """Changes any values matching oldCharacter on the map object to
    newCharacter at the (x, y) position, and does the same for the
    positions to the left, right, down, and up of (x, y), recursively."""

    # In this game, the flood fill algorithm creates the inside/outside
    # floor distinction. This is a "recursive" function.
    # For more info on the Flood Fill algorithm, see:
    #   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood_fill
    if mapObj[x][y] == oldCharacter:
        mapObj[x][y] = newCharacter

    if x < len(mapObj) - 1 and mapObj[x+1][y] == oldCharacter:
        floodFill(mapObj, x+1, y, oldCharacter, newCharacter) # call right
    if x > 0 and mapObj[x-1][y] == oldCharacter:
        floodFill(mapObj, x-1, y, oldCharacter, newCharacter) # call left
    if y < len(mapObj[x]) - 1 and mapObj[x][y+1] == oldCharacter:
        floodFill(mapObj, x, y+1, oldCharacter, newCharacter) # call down
    if y > 0 and mapObj[x][y-1] == oldCharacter:
        floodFill(mapObj, x, y-1, oldCharacter, newCharacter) # call up


def drawMap(mapObj, gameStateObj, goals):
    """Draws the map to a Surface object, including the player and
    stars. This function does not call pygame.display.update(), nor
    does it draw the "Level" and "Steps" text in the corner."""

    # mapSurf will be the single Surface object that the tiles are drawn
    # on, so that it is easy to position the entire map on the DISPLAYSURF
    # Surface object. First, the width and height must be calculated.
    mapSurfWidth = len(mapObj) * TILEWIDTH
    mapSurfHeight = (len(mapObj[0]) - 1) * TILEFLOORHEIGHT + TILEHEIGHT
    mapSurf = pygame.Surface((mapSurfWidth, mapSurfHeight))
    mapSurf.fill(BGCOLOR) # start with a blank color on the surface.

    # Draw the tile sprites onto this surface.
    for x in range(len(mapObj)):
        for y in range(len(mapObj[x])):
            spaceRect = pygame.Rect((x * TILEWIDTH, y * TILEFLOORHEIGHT, TILEWIDTH, TILEHEIGHT))
            if mapObj[x][y] in TILEMAPPING:
                baseTile = TILEMAPPING[mapObj[x][y]]
            elif mapObj[x][y] in OUTSIDEDECOMAPPING:
                baseTile = TILEMAPPING[' ']

            # First draw the base ground/wall tile.
            mapSurf.blit(baseTile, spaceRect)

            if mapObj[x][y] in OUTSIDEDECOMAPPING:
                # Draw any tree/rock decorations that are on this tile.
                mapSurf.blit(OUTSIDEDECOMAPPING[mapObj[x][y]], spaceRect)
            elif (x, y) in gameStateObj['stars']:
                if (x, y) in goals:
                    # A goal AND star are on this space, draw goal first.
                    mapSurf.blit(IMAGESDICT['covered goal'], spaceRect)
                # Then draw the star sprite.
                mapSurf.blit(IMAGESDICT['star'], spaceRect)
            elif (x, y) in goals:
                # Draw a goal without a star on it.
                mapSurf.blit(IMAGESDICT['uncovered goal'], spaceRect)

            # Last draw the player on the board.
            if (x, y) == gameStateObj['player']:
                # Note: The value "currentImage" refers
                # to a key in "PLAYERIMAGES" which has the
                # specific player image we want to show.
                mapSurf.blit(PLAYERIMAGES[currentImage], spaceRect)

    return mapSurf


def isLevelFinished(levelObj, gameStateObj):
    """Returns True if all the goals have stars in them."""
    for goal in levelObj['goals']:
        if goal not in gameStateObj['stars']:
            # Found a space with a goal but no star on it.
            return False
    return True


def terminate():
    pygame.quit()
    sys.exit()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

#!/usr/bin/env python
"""demonstrate pycairo and pygame"""

from __future__ import print_function

import math
import sys

import cairo
import pygame


def draw(surface):
    x, y, radius = (250, 250, 200)
    ctx = cairo.Context(surface)
    ctx.set_line_width(15)
    ctx.arc(x, y, radius, 0, 2.0 * math.pi)
    ctx.set_source_rgb(0.8, 0.8, 0.8)
    ctx.fill_preserve()
    ctx.set_source_rgb(1, 1, 1)
    ctx.stroke()


def input(events):
    for event in events:
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            sys.exit(0)
        else:
            print(event)


def main():
    width, height = 512, 512
    surface = cairo.ImageSurface(cairo.FORMAT_ARGB32, width, height)

    pygame.init()
    pygame.display.set_mode((width, height))
    screen = pygame.display.get_surface()

    draw(surface)

    # Create PyGame surface from Cairo Surface
    buf = surface.get_data()
    image = pygame.image.frombuffer(buf, (width, height), "ARGB")
    # Tranfer to Screen
    screen.blit(image, (0, 0))
    pygame.display.flip()

    while True:
        input(pygame.event.get())


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

#!/usr/bin/python3

# Tetromino (a Tetris clone)
# By Al Sweigart al@inventwithpython.com
# http://inventwithpython.com/pygame
# Released under a "Simplified BSD" license

import random, time, pygame, sys
from pygame.locals import *

FPS = 25
WINDOWWIDTH = 640
WINDOWHEIGHT = 480
BOXSIZE = 20
BOARDWIDTH = 10
BOARDHEIGHT = 20
BLANK = '.'

MOVESIDEWAYSFREQ = 0.15
MOVEDOWNFREQ = 0.1

XMARGIN = int((WINDOWWIDTH - BOARDWIDTH * BOXSIZE) / 2)
TOPMARGIN = WINDOWHEIGHT - (BOARDHEIGHT * BOXSIZE) - 5

#               R    G    B
WHITE       = (255, 255, 255)
GRAY        = (185, 185, 185)
BLACK       = (  0,   0,   0)
RED         = (155,   0,   0)
LIGHTRED    = (175,  20,  20)
GREEN       = (  0, 155,   0)
LIGHTGREEN  = ( 20, 175,  20)
BLUE        = (  0,   0, 155)
LIGHTBLUE   = ( 20,  20, 175)
YELLOW      = (155, 155,   0)
LIGHTYELLOW = (175, 175,  20)

BORDERCOLOR = BLUE
BGCOLOR = BLACK
TEXTCOLOR = WHITE
TEXTSHADOWCOLOR = GRAY
COLORS      = (     BLUE,      GREEN,      RED,      YELLOW)
LIGHTCOLORS = (LIGHTBLUE, LIGHTGREEN, LIGHTRED, LIGHTYELLOW)
assert len(COLORS) == len(LIGHTCOLORS) # each color must have light color

TEMPLATEWIDTH = 5
TEMPLATEHEIGHT = 5

S_SHAPE_TEMPLATE = [['.....',
                     '.....',
                     '..OO.',
                     '.OO..',
                     '.....'],
                    ['.....',
                     '..O..',
                     '..OO.',
                     '...O.',
                     '.....']]

Z_SHAPE_TEMPLATE = [['.....',
                     '.....',
                     '.OO..',
                     '..OO.',
                     '.....'],
                    ['.....',
                     '..O..',
                     '.OO..',
                     '.O...',
                     '.....']]

I_SHAPE_TEMPLATE = [['..O..',
                     '..O..',
                     '..O..',
                     '..O..',
                     '.....'],
                    ['.....',
                     '.....',
                     'OOOO.',
                     '.....',
                     '.....']]

O_SHAPE_TEMPLATE = [['.....',
                     '.....',
                     '.OO..',
                     '.OO..',
                     '.....']]

J_SHAPE_TEMPLATE = [['.....',
                     '.O...',
                     '.OOO.',
                     '.....',
                     '.....'],
                    ['.....',
                     '..OO.',
                     '..O..',
                     '..O..',
                     '.....'],
                    ['.....',
                     '.....',
                     '.OOO.',
                     '...O.',
                     '.....'],
                    ['.....',
                     '..O..',
                     '..O..',
                     '.OO..',
                     '.....']]

L_SHAPE_TEMPLATE = [['.....',
                     '...O.',
                     '.OOO.',
                     '.....',
                     '.....'],
                    ['.....',
                     '..O..',
                     '..O..',
                     '..OO.',
                     '.....'],
                    ['.....',
                     '.....',
                     '.OOO.',
                     '.O...',
                     '.....'],
                    ['.....',
                     '.OO..',
                     '..O..',
                     '..O..',
                     '.....']]

T_SHAPE_TEMPLATE = [['.....',
                     '..O..',
                     '.OOO.',
                     '.....',
                     '.....'],
                    ['.....',
                     '..O..',
                     '..OO.',
                     '..O..',
                     '.....'],
                    ['.....',
                     '.....',
                     '.OOO.',
                     '..O..',
                     '.....'],
                    ['.....',
                     '..O..',
                     '.OO..',
                     '..O..',
                     '.....']]

PIECES = {'S': S_SHAPE_TEMPLATE,
          'Z': Z_SHAPE_TEMPLATE,
          'J': J_SHAPE_TEMPLATE,
          'L': L_SHAPE_TEMPLATE,
          'I': I_SHAPE_TEMPLATE,
          'O': O_SHAPE_TEMPLATE,
          'T': T_SHAPE_TEMPLATE}


def main():
    global FPSCLOCK, DISPLAYSURF, BASICFONT, BIGFONT
    pygame.init()
    FPSCLOCK = pygame.time.Clock()
    DISPLAYSURF = pygame.display.set_mode((WINDOWWIDTH, WINDOWHEIGHT))
    BASICFONT = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 18)
    BIGFONT = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf', 100)
    pygame.display.set_caption('Tetromino')

    showTextScreen('Tetromino')
    while True: # game loop
        #if random.randint(0, 1) == 0:
            #pygame.mixer.music.load('tetrisb.mid')
        #else:
            #pygame.mixer.music.load('tetrisc.mid')
        #pygame.mixer.music.play(-1, 0.0)
        runGame()
        #pygame.mixer.music.stop()
        showTextScreen('Game Over')


def runGame():
    # setup variables for the start of the game
    board = getBlankBoard()
    lastMoveDownTime = time.time()
    lastMoveSidewaysTime = time.time()
    lastFallTime = time.time()
    movingDown = False # note: there is no movingUp variable
    movingLeft = False
    movingRight = False
    score = 0
    level, fallFreq = calculateLevelAndFallFreq(score)

    fallingPiece = getNewPiece()
    nextPiece = getNewPiece()

    while True: # game loop
        if fallingPiece == None:
            # No falling piece in play, so start a new piece at the top
            fallingPiece = nextPiece
            nextPiece = getNewPiece()
            lastFallTime = time.time() # reset lastFallTime

            if not isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece):
                return # can't fit a new piece on the board, so game over

        checkForQuit()
        for event in pygame.event.get(): # event handling loop
            if event.type == KEYUP:
                if (event.key == K_p):
                    # Pausing the game
                    DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
                    pygame.mixer.music.stop()
                    showTextScreen('Paused') # pause until a key press
                    pygame.mixer.music.play(-1, 0.0)
                    lastFallTime = time.time()
                    lastMoveDownTime = time.time()
                    lastMoveSidewaysTime = time.time()
                elif (event.key == K_LEFT or event.key == K_a):
                    movingLeft = False
                elif (event.key == K_RIGHT or event.key == K_d):
                    movingRight = False
                elif (event.key == K_DOWN or event.key == K_s):
                    movingDown = False

            elif event.type == KEYDOWN:
                # moving the piece sideways
                if (event.key == K_LEFT or event.key == K_a) and isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjX=-1):
                    fallingPiece['x'] -= 1
                    movingLeft = True
                    movingRight = False
                    lastMoveSidewaysTime = time.time()

                elif (event.key == K_RIGHT or event.key == K_d) and isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjX=1):
                    fallingPiece['x'] += 1
                    movingRight = True
                    movingLeft = False
                    lastMoveSidewaysTime = time.time()

                # rotating the piece (if there is room to rotate)
                elif (event.key == K_UP or event.key == K_w):
                    fallingPiece['rotation'] = (fallingPiece['rotation'] + 1) % len(PIECES[fallingPiece['shape']])
                    if not isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece):
                        fallingPiece['rotation'] = (fallingPiece['rotation'] - 1) % len(PIECES[fallingPiece['shape']])
                elif (event.key == K_q): # rotate the other direction
                    fallingPiece['rotation'] = (fallingPiece['rotation'] - 1) % len(PIECES[fallingPiece['shape']])
                    if not isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece):
                        fallingPiece['rotation'] = (fallingPiece['rotation'] + 1) % len(PIECES[fallingPiece['shape']])

                # making the piece fall faster with the down key
                elif (event.key == K_DOWN or event.key == K_s):
                    movingDown = True
                    if isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjY=1):
                        fallingPiece['y'] += 1
                    lastMoveDownTime = time.time()

                # move the current piece all the way down
                elif event.key == K_SPACE:
                    movingDown = False
                    movingLeft = False
                    movingRight = False
                    for i in range(1, BOARDHEIGHT):
                        if not isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjY=i):
                            break
                    fallingPiece['y'] += i - 1

        # handle moving the piece because of user input
        if (movingLeft or movingRight) and time.time() - lastMoveSidewaysTime > MOVESIDEWAYSFREQ:
            if movingLeft and isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjX=-1):
                fallingPiece['x'] -= 1
            elif movingRight and isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjX=1):
                fallingPiece['x'] += 1
            lastMoveSidewaysTime = time.time()

        if movingDown and time.time() - lastMoveDownTime > MOVEDOWNFREQ and isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjY=1):
            fallingPiece['y'] += 1
            lastMoveDownTime = time.time()

        # let the piece fall if it is time to fall
        if time.time() - lastFallTime > fallFreq:
            # see if the piece has landed
            if not isValidPosition(board, fallingPiece, adjY=1):
                # falling piece has landed, set it on the board
                addToBoard(board, fallingPiece)
                score += removeCompleteLines(board)
                level, fallFreq = calculateLevelAndFallFreq(score)
                fallingPiece = None
            else:
                # piece did not land, just move the piece down
                fallingPiece['y'] += 1
                lastFallTime = time.time()

        # drawing everything on the screen
        DISPLAYSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
        drawBoard(board)
        drawStatus(score, level)
        drawNextPiece(nextPiece)
        if fallingPiece != None:
            drawPiece(fallingPiece)

        pygame.display.update()
        FPSCLOCK.tick(FPS)


def makeTextObjs(text, font, color):
    surf = font.render(text, True, color)
    return surf, surf.get_rect()


def terminate():
    pygame.quit()
    sys.exit()


def checkForKeyPress():
    # Go through event queue looking for a KEYUP event.
    # Grab KEYDOWN events to remove them from the event queue.
    checkForQuit()

    for event in pygame.event.get([KEYDOWN, KEYUP]):
        if event.type == KEYDOWN:
            continue
        return event.key
    return None


def showTextScreen(text):
    # This function displays large text in the
    # center of the screen until a key is pressed.
    # Draw the text drop shadow
    titleSurf, titleRect = makeTextObjs(text, BIGFONT, TEXTSHADOWCOLOR)
    titleRect.center = (int(WINDOWWIDTH / 2), int(WINDOWHEIGHT / 2))
    DISPLAYSURF.blit(titleSurf, titleRect)

    # Draw the text
    titleSurf, titleRect = makeTextObjs(text, BIGFONT, TEXTCOLOR)
    titleRect.center = (int(WINDOWWIDTH / 2) - 3, int(WINDOWHEIGHT / 2) - 3)
    DISPLAYSURF.blit(titleSurf, titleRect)

    # Draw the additional "Press a key to play." text.
    pressKeySurf, pressKeyRect = makeTextObjs('Press a key to play.', BASICFONT, TEXTCOLOR)
    pressKeyRect.center = (int(WINDOWWIDTH / 2), int(WINDOWHEIGHT / 2) + 100)
    DISPLAYSURF.blit(pressKeySurf, pressKeyRect)

    while checkForKeyPress() == None:
        pygame.display.update()
        FPSCLOCK.tick()


def checkForQuit():
    for event in pygame.event.get(QUIT): # get all the QUIT events
        terminate() # terminate if any QUIT events are present
    for event in pygame.event.get(KEYUP): # get all the KEYUP events
        if event.key == K_ESCAPE:
            terminate() # terminate if the KEYUP event was for the Esc key
        pygame.event.post(event) # put the other KEYUP event objects back


def calculateLevelAndFallFreq(score):
    # Based on the score, return the level the player is on and
    # how many seconds pass until a falling piece falls one space.
    level = int(score / 10) + 1
    fallFreq = 0.27 - (level * 0.02)
    return level, fallFreq

def getNewPiece():
    # return a random new piece in a random rotation and color
    shape = random.choice(list(PIECES.keys()))
    newPiece = {'shape': shape,
                'rotation': random.randint(0, len(PIECES[shape]) - 1),
                'x': int(BOARDWIDTH / 2) - int(TEMPLATEWIDTH / 2),
                'y': -2, # start it above the board (i.e. less than 0)
                'color': random.randint(0, len(COLORS)-1)}
    return newPiece


def addToBoard(board, piece):
    # fill in the board based on piece's location, shape, and rotation
    for x in range(TEMPLATEWIDTH):
        for y in range(TEMPLATEHEIGHT):
            if PIECES[piece['shape']][piece['rotation']][y][x] != BLANK:
                board[x + piece['x']][y + piece['y']] = piece['color']


def getBlankBoard():
    # create and return a new blank board data structure
    board = []
    for i in range(BOARDWIDTH):
        board.append([BLANK] * BOARDHEIGHT)
    return board


def isOnBoard(x, y):
    return x >= 0 and x < BOARDWIDTH and y < BOARDHEIGHT


def isValidPosition(board, piece, adjX=0, adjY=0):
    # Return True if the piece is within the board and not colliding
    for x in range(TEMPLATEWIDTH):
        for y in range(TEMPLATEHEIGHT):
            isAboveBoard = y + piece['y'] + adjY < 0
            if isAboveBoard or PIECES[piece['shape']][piece['rotation']][y][x] == BLANK:
                continue
            if not isOnBoard(x + piece['x'] + adjX, y + piece['y'] + adjY):
                return False
            if board[x + piece['x'] + adjX][y + piece['y'] + adjY] != BLANK:
                return False
    return True

def isCompleteLine(board, y):
    # Return True if the line filled with boxes with no gaps.
    for x in range(BOARDWIDTH):
        if board[x][y] == BLANK:
            return False
    return True


def removeCompleteLines(board):
    # Remove any completed lines on the board, move everything above them down, and return the number of complete lines.
    numLinesRemoved = 0
    y = BOARDHEIGHT - 1 # start y at the bottom of the board
    while y >= 0:
        if isCompleteLine(board, y):
            # Remove the line and pull boxes down by one line.
            for pullDownY in range(y, 0, -1):
                for x in range(BOARDWIDTH):
                    board[x][pullDownY] = board[x][pullDownY-1]
            # Set very top line to blank.
            for x in range(BOARDWIDTH):
                board[x][0] = BLANK
            numLinesRemoved += 1
            # Note on the next iteration of the loop, y is the same.
            # This is so that if the line that was pulled down is also
            # complete, it will be removed.
        else:
            y -= 1 # move on to check next row up
    return numLinesRemoved


def convertToPixelCoords(boxx, boxy):
    # Convert the given xy coordinates of the board to xy
    # coordinates of the location on the screen.
    return (XMARGIN + (boxx * BOXSIZE)), (TOPMARGIN + (boxy * BOXSIZE))


def drawBox(boxx, boxy, color, pixelx=None, pixely=None):
    # draw a single box (each tetromino piece has four boxes)
    # at xy coordinates on the board. Or, if pixelx & pixely
    # are specified, draw to the pixel coordinates stored in
    # pixelx & pixely (this is used for the "Next" piece).
    if color == BLANK:
        return
    if pixelx == None and pixely == None:
        pixelx, pixely = convertToPixelCoords(boxx, boxy)
    pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, COLORS[color], (pixelx + 1, pixely + 1, BOXSIZE - 1, BOXSIZE - 1))
    pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, LIGHTCOLORS[color], (pixelx + 1, pixely + 1, BOXSIZE - 4, BOXSIZE - 4))


def drawBoard(board):
    # draw the border around the board
    pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, BORDERCOLOR, (XMARGIN - 3, TOPMARGIN - 7, (BOARDWIDTH * BOXSIZE) + 8, (BOARDHEIGHT * BOXSIZE) + 8), 5)

    # fill the background of the board
    pygame.draw.rect(DISPLAYSURF, BGCOLOR, (XMARGIN, TOPMARGIN, BOXSIZE * BOARDWIDTH, BOXSIZE * BOARDHEIGHT))
    # draw the individual boxes on the board
    for x in range(BOARDWIDTH):
        for y in range(BOARDHEIGHT):
            drawBox(x, y, board[x][y])


def drawStatus(score, level):
    # draw the score text
    scoreSurf = BASICFONT.render('Score: %s' % score, True, TEXTCOLOR)
    scoreRect = scoreSurf.get_rect()
    scoreRect.topleft = (WINDOWWIDTH - 150, 20)
    DISPLAYSURF.blit(scoreSurf, scoreRect)

    # draw the level text
    levelSurf = BASICFONT.render('Level: %s' % level, True, TEXTCOLOR)
    levelRect = levelSurf.get_rect()
    levelRect.topleft = (WINDOWWIDTH - 150, 50)
    DISPLAYSURF.blit(levelSurf, levelRect)


def drawPiece(piece, pixelx=None, pixely=None):
    shapeToDraw = PIECES[piece['shape']][piece['rotation']]
    if pixelx == None and pixely == None:
        # if pixelx & pixely hasn't been specified, use the location stored in the piece data structure
        pixelx, pixely = convertToPixelCoords(piece['x'], piece['y'])

    # draw each of the boxes that make up the piece
    for x in range(TEMPLATEWIDTH):
        for y in range(TEMPLATEHEIGHT):
            if shapeToDraw[y][x] != BLANK:
                drawBox(None, None, piece['color'], pixelx + (x * BOXSIZE), pixely + (y * BOXSIZE))


def drawNextPiece(piece):
    # draw the "next" text
    nextSurf = BASICFONT.render('Next:', True, TEXTCOLOR)
    nextRect = nextSurf.get_rect()
    nextRect.topleft = (WINDOWWIDTH - 120, 80)
    DISPLAYSURF.blit(nextSurf, nextRect)
    # draw the "next" piece
    drawPiece(piece, pixelx=WINDOWWIDTH-120, pixely=100)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

import turtle
turtle.clear()
turtle.goto(0,0)
turtle.forward(100);turtle.right(144)
turtle.forward(100);turtle.right(144)
turtle.forward(100);turtle.right(144)
turtle.forward(100);turtle.right(144)
turtle.forward(100);turtle.right(144)

$ sudo pip3 install tkinter
The directory '/home/whycan/.cache/pip/http' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and the cache has been disabled. Please check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
The directory '/home/whycan/.cache/pip' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and caching wheels has been disabled. check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
Collecting tkinter
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 215, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 342, in run
    requirement_set.prepare_files(finder)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 380, in prepare_files
    ignore_dependencies=self.ignore_dependencies))
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 554, in _prepare_file
    require_hashes
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/req/req_install.py", line 278, in populate_link
    self.link = finder.find_requirement(self, upgrade)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 465, in find_requirement
    all_candidates = self.find_all_candidates(req.name)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 423, in find_all_candidates
    for page in self._get_pages(url_locations, project_name):
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 568, in _get_pages
    page = self._get_page(location)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 683, in _get_page
    return HTMLPage.get_page(link, session=self.session)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 795, in get_page
    resp.raise_for_status()
  File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.18.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/models.py", line 935, in raise_for_status
    raise HTTPError(http_error_msg, response=self)
requests.exceptions.HTTPError: 404 Client Error: Not Found for url: https://pypi.org/simple/tkinter/